The European Commission has approved Afinitor (everolimus) tablets for the treatment of hormone receptor-positive (HR+), HER2/ neu-negative (HER2-) advanced breast cancer (HR+ advanced breast cancer), in combination with exemestane, in postmenopausal women without symptomatic visceral disease after recurrence or progression following a non-steroidal aromatase inhibitor.
“The approval of Afinitor is an important milestone marking the first major advance for women in the European Union with hormone receptor-positive advanced breast cancer since the introduction of aromatase inhibitors more than 15 years ago. Treatment with Afinitor gives women a new option in the battle against this advanced form of breast cancer, where there remains a significant unmet need,” said Hervé Hoppenot, President, Novartis Oncology.
The approval was based on the phase III BOLERO-2 ( B reast cancer trials of O ra L E ve RO limus- 2 ) trial. The randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multi-centre study of 724 patients found that treatment with Afinitor plus exemestane more than doubled median progression-free survival (PFS) to 7.8 months, compared to 3.2 months with exemestane alone (hazard ratio=0.45 [95 per cent Cl: 0.38 to 0.54]; p<0.0001), by local investigator assessment. An additional analysis based on an independent central radiology review showed Afinitor extended median PFS to 11.0 months compared to 4.1 months (hazard ratio=0.38 [95 per cent CI: 0.31 to 0.48]; p<0.0001)[3]. The most common grade 3-4 adverse reactions (incidence >= two per cent) were stomatitis, infections, hyperglycemia, fatigue, dyspnea, pneumonitis and diarrhea.
Jose Baselga, MD, Chief, Hematology/ Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and co-lead investigator of the BOLERO-2 trial said, “By boosting the effectiveness of endocrine therapy, Afinitor significantly extends the time women with hormone receptor-positive advanced breast cancer live without tumour progression. Afinitor, the first mTOR inhibitor to be approved for this disease, has the potential to redefine the way this common form of advanced breast cancer is treated.”
Each year, an estimated 220,000 women globally will be diagnosed with HR+ advanced breast cancer. For these women, endocrine therapy remains the cornerstone of treatment, but most will eventually develop resistance to therapy. This therapeutic resistance has been associated with overactivation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Afinitor works to target the mTOR pathway in cells. mTOR is a protein that acts as an important regulator of tumour cell division, blood vessel growth and cell metabolism.
The European Commission decision follows the positive opinion adopted by the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use on June 21, 2012 for Afinitor for the treatment of HR+ advanced breast cancer and applies to all 27 EU member states, plus Iceland and Norway. On July 20, 2012, the US FDA approved Afinitor in combination with exemestane in the HR+/ HER2- population after failure of letrozole or anastrazole. Additional regulatory submissions for Afinitor in advanced breast cancer are under way worldwide. Afinitor is also being studied in HER2-positive breast cancer in two ongoing phase III trials.
EP News Bureau