Inhaled Nitric Oxide kills SARS-COV-2 virus, finds study by Amrita Hospital and Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham

In a study involving doctors from the Amrita Hospital, Kochi, and scientists from the School of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, a novel intervention for COVID-19 has been explored with the well-known gas Nitric Oxide (NO). The study conducted by the scientists has found that inhaled Nitric Oxide (iNO) is virucidal and kills SARS-COV-2 virus, apart from preventing its effective attachment to human host cells, a statement from Amrita Hospitals notified.

According to the statement, in the feasibility trial conducted at Amrita Hospital, COVID-19 patients who received the iNO therapy recovered faster with lesser complications and zero mortality rates compared to patients who received the standard COVID-19 treatment without iNO.

Speaking on the idea behind conducting trials with this novel treatment, Professor Bipin Nair, Dean, Life Sciences, Amrita School of Biotechnology, said, “Our interest in looking at Nitric Oxide as a treatment option for COVID-19 stemmed from an early study conducted by a Swedish group which had suggested that the gas can prove effective in curbing the SARS-COV-2 virus, as it induces biochemical changes which directly affect the spike protein of the virus. This protein is the main culprit in interacting with our body’s receptors and immune system and creating havoc.”

The team of experts at Amrita Hospital decided to conduct this trial on a small group of COVID patients admitted to the hospital. Out of the 25 patients selected for the study, 14 were given iNO, along with the standard treatment for COVID-19, while 11 patients were in the control standard treatment group. The patients treated with iNO showed a significant drop in their viral load, the statement added.

It also mentioned that this approach to repurpose Nitric Oxide has the potential to be an effective preventative, especially in light of the highly infectious nature of the Omicron variant prevalent today.

In the statement, Dr Geetha Kumar, Amrita School of Biotechnology, said, “As the global search for an effective remedy against COVID continues, this strategy to use Nitric Oxide as a therapeutic measure has the scope to be a successful, rapid and affordable gamechanger in the fight against the pandemic. It is conceivable that healthcare workers, who are constantly exposed to the coronavirus, could also use this as a prophylactic while treating infected patients.”

The study by Amrita Hospital demonstrates the putative role of repurposed inhaled Nitric Oxide in hypoxemic COVID-19 patients. The expert panel associated with the study now calls for an extended validation to take this treatment process to the next level, the statement concluded.